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Objectives. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare complement-mediated kidney disease with genetic predisposition and represents up to 10% of pediatric hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) cases. Few studies have evaluated aHUS in Latin American population. We studied a Colombian pediatric cohort to delineate disease presentation and outcomes. Methods. A multicenter cohort of 27 Colombian children with aHUS were included. Patients were grouped by age at onset. Clinical features were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher exact tests. Renal biopsy was performed on 6 patients who were suspected of having other renal diseases before aHUS diagnosis. Results. Most patients were male (70%). The onset of aHUS occurred frequently before age 4 years (60%) and followed gastroenteritis as the main triggering event (52%). Age groups showed comparable clinical presentation, disease severity, treatment, and outcomes. Pulmonary involvement (67%) was the main extrarenal manifestation, particularly in the 1 to 7 age group (P = .01). Renal biopsies were as follows: 3 had membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) type I, one MPGN type III, one C3-glomerulonephritis, and one rapidly progressive GN. Genetic screening was available in 6 patients and identified 2xCFHR5, 2xMCP, 1xADAMTS13/THBD, and 1xDGKE mutations. A total of 15 relapses were seen, of which 8 (72%) occurred in the 1 to 7 age group. The renal outcome was not significantly different regardless of age group. Conclusion. In our cohort, we observed a relatively high frequency of extrarenal involvement at first presentation represented by pulmonary manifestations. The renal prognosis at initial presentation was worse than in previous reports.
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Abstract Introduction: Acute kidney injury is a frequent complication in patients with COVID-19 and its occurrence is a potential indicator of multi-organ dysfunction and disease severity. Objective: Develop, through an expert consensus, evidence-based recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of acute kidney injury in patients with SARS CoV2 / COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods: Based on a rapid systematic review in Embase and Pubmed databases and documents from scientific societies, we made preliminary recommendations and consulted with an expert group through an online tool. Then we defined agreement after at least 70 % consensus approval. Quality evidence was evaluated according to the type of document included. The strength of the recommendations was graded as strong or weak. Results: Fifty clinical experts declared their conflict of interest; the consultation took place between May 2 and 29, 2020. The range of agreement ranged from 75.5 % to 100 %. Recommendations for prevention, diagnosis and management of acute kidney injury in patients with SARS CoV2 infection are presented. Conclusions: Although the good quality information available regarding acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 is scarce, the recommendations of clinical experts will guide clinical decision-making and strategies around patients with this complication, guaranteeing care focused on the people, with high quality standards, and the generation of safety, health and wellness policies for multidisciplinary care teams.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , COVID-19 , Pacientes , Colombia , Diagnóstico , Lesión Renal AgudaRESUMEN
Resumen Introducción: Las personas con diálisis de mantenimiento se consideran una población en alto riesgo de infección por SARS-CoV-2, complicaciones y muerte. La periodicidad de la diálisis, la organización y la demanda en las unidades de diálisis y las limitaciones de alfabetización en salud poblacional limitan el cumplimiento del aislamiento y el distanciamiento social. Objetivo: Desarrollar, mediante un consenso de expertos, recomendaciones informadas en evidencia para la prevención, el diagnóstico y el manejo de la infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión rápida de literatura en Pubmed, Embase y sociedades científicas. La calidad de evidencia fue evaluada según el tipo de estudio incluido. El acuerdo se definió para cada recomendación con umbral de al menos 70% de aprobación. La fuerza de las recomendaciones fue graduada como fuerte o débil. Resultados: El colectivo fue consultado entre el 17 y 19 de mayo de 2020. Se obtuvo respuesta de 44 expertos clínicos que declararon conflicto de interés previo a la consulta. El acuerdo de las recomendaciones estuvo entre 70,5 y 100%. Se presentan las recomendaciones de un colectivo experto para la prevención, el diagnóstico y el manejo de infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. Conclusión: Debido a la reciente aparición de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 y las incertidumbres respecto a la prevención, el diagnóstico y el manejo, las recomendaciones presentadas se conciben como un estándar colombiano que permita garantizar un cuidado centrado en las personas con enfermedad renal crónica y la protección de los profesionales de la salud.
Abstract Introduction: People with chronic dialysis are considered a population at high risk of SARS CoV2 infection and its derived complications and death. The need to go to strict dialysis schedules, the high demand in the kidney facilities and the difficulties derived from the time and space organization in the rooms in the face to the pandemic added to the difficult learning, teaching and adapting new protocols manifest the needed of standard recommendation according to this problem in people who couldn't have an ideal isolation. Objective: Develop through an expert consensus, evidence-informed recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection in patients with chronic kidney disease on Dialysis. Materials and methods: We carried out a quick literature review, PubMed, Embase and scientific societies were consulted. The quality of the evidence was considered according to the type of study included. The agreement threshold defined for each recommendation was > 70% approval among experts. The strength of the recommendations was rated as strong or weak. Results: Between May 17 and 19, 2020, was conformed a team of 44 clinical experts who declared their interest conflict prior to the consultation. The agreement of the recommendations was between 70.5% and 100%. The recommendations were separated in prevention, early identification, and diagnostic, isolation in hemodialysis facilities and peritoneal dialysis, and team protection. Ethical considerations also were included. Conclusion: Due to the recent appearance of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the uncertainties regarding prevention, diagnosis and management, the recommendations presented are conceived as a Colombian standard that allows guaranteeing focused care for people with chronic kidney disease and the protection of health team.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , COVID-19 , Pacientes , Diálisis Renal , Colombia , DiagnósticoRESUMEN
Introducción: La enfermedad de Kawasaki se ha convertido en la principal causa de cardiopatíaadquirida en los niños. Sin embargo,aunque existen criterios diagnósticos bien definidos, éstos pueden presentarse dispersos a lo largo del curso de la enfermedad o simulardiferentes enfermedades, lo que ocasiona retraso en el diagnóstico y, con esto, mayor riesgo de afección cardiaca. El objetivo de este estudio fue reconocer las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la enfermedad de Kawasaki en los niños hospitalizados en cinco centros de Barranquilla, entre 2002 y 2008. Pacientes y métodos: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo, a partir de las historias clínicas de los pacientes menores de 14 añoshospitalizados en cinco centros asistenciales (Hospital Pediátrico, Hospital Niño Jesús, Clínica del Caribe, Clínica La Asunción y Clínica La Merced) de Barranquilla (Atlántico) desde el 1º de febrero de 2002 hasta el 31 de mayo de 2008, con diagnóstico de enfermedadde Kawasaki. Se estimaron parámetrosdescriptivos y prueba no paramétrica(test de los signos). Resultados: El 40% de los casos ocurrió en menores de un año. El 65% de los casos fueron niños procedentes del área urbana. La fiebre fue el principal motivo de consulta en 65% de los casos y el 95% se clasificó como enfermedad típica. Las alteraciones cardíacas se presentaron en el 30%. Los exámenes determinantes para medir la efectividad del tratamiento fueron los cambios en el recuento de plaquetas, la velocidad de sedimentación globular y la prueba de la proteína C reactiva (PCR). Conclusiones: La enfermedad de Kawasaki en nuestro medio presenta características clínicas y epidemiológicas similares a lasdescritas en otras latitudes. Se observaron variaciones en la velocidad de sedimentación globular, plaquetas y PCR en aquellos sujetos que recibieron gammaglobulina. La afección cardiaca es frecuente y se relaciona con la edad, el retraso en el diagnóstico y eltratamiento oportuno.
Introduction: Kawasaki disease has become the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children. However, although there are well-defined diagnostic criteria, these can occur scattered throughout the course of the disease or simulate different pathologiesleading to delayed diagnosis and increased risk of a heart condition. The purpose of this study is to recognize the clinical and epidemiologicalcharacteristics of Kawasaki diseasein children admitted to five medical centers in Barranquilla from 2002 to 2008. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study based on the medical records of patients less than 14 years old hospitalized in five medical centers in the city of Barranquilla, Atlántico, (Pediatric Hospital, Hospital Niño Jesús, Clinics: Caribbean, Assumption and La Merced) and diagnosed with Kawasaki disease from February 1, 2002 to May 31, 2008. Descriptive statistical parameters and non-parametric tests (sign test) have been estimated. Results: Forty percent of the cases occurred in infants less than one year old. Sixty percent (65%) of the patients were male children from the urban area. Fever was the main reason for consulting in 65% of the cases, and 95% of the patients were classified as having the typical disease. Ultrasonographic cardiac abnormalities were documented in 30% of the instances. The test measures for determining the effectiveness of treatment were based on changes in theplatelet count, the sedimentation rate, and the C-reactive protein (CRP).Conclusions: Kawasaki disease in ourenvironment shows clinical and epidemiological features similar to those described in other latitudes. There are variations in the sedimentation rate (ESR), platelet count, and CRP in those subjects who received intravenousimmunoglobulin. The heart conditionis common and is associated to age, delayed diagnosis, and timely treatment.
